Customer permutation
The depot is fixed outside the chromosome; every customer appears exactly once.
Reuse the verified permutation experiment frame on routing with arrival windows, waiting, lateness and Pareto trade-offs.
The depot is fixed outside the chromosome; every customer appears exactly once.
Hard mode penalizes infeasible tours. Soft mode exposes tardiness as a decision objective.
Canonical Solomon–Potvin–Bengio and Dumas matrices are loaded without reconstructing their distances. Source ↗